00:34:25 April Gasbarre: is it too late to harvest pear tree scion wood in Michigan?
00:34:59 Karen Obermiller: Hi, I have a problem with rabbits climbing my 5’ welded wire fence … one Rabbit in 36 hours did some damage above the deep snow line … if there is full girdling (snow too deep for me to get there yet) and the tree is still dormant – can I graft the above girdling to the below the girdling point?? (Ie – snipping the middle)
00:35:07 Eric Bina: It isn’t too late for pear here in IL so I expect you are still ok in Michigan
00:35:28 April Gasbarre: fantastic! thanks so much!
00:36:42 Eric Bina: Karen, that is called bridge grafting. I haven’t ever done it, but I also need to this year to save a tree. I hope someone here has experience.
00:36:57 Libby Levison: Re rabbit/girdling: I have seen bridge grafting, where you graft both ends of any apple cutting — on both sides of the damage
00:37:30 Eden’s Refuge: I just got a call to prune 1400 trees (apple and pear) up here in Ontario and am excited to collect a bunch of scions and to experiment with a few hundred grafts after trying my first few in a grafting class.
I expect to learn something tonight 🙂
00:37:32 Eric Bina: Libby, have you successfully bridge grafted?
00:38:21 Libby Levison: (Embarrassed) Yes, I have successfully done bridge grafts. I feel like it was sheer luck, but it worked.
00:39:04 Eric Bina: How do you prevent the bending of the tree on windy days from popping out one end or the other of the graft?
00:40:28 Libby Levison: We used a combination of elastic bands and for some of them we put in little tacks. I think we covered with parafilm too. The damage was quite low down
00:40:50 John S: You brace it with a thin piece of wood and stick on both sides.
00:41:06 Larry Stephenson: You can tape on a popsicle stick as a splint.
00:41:08 Eric Bina: And is the bridge piece just bark grafted to the trunk on both ends?
00:41:10 Gary Swindler: I had two crabapple trees that both were girdled by voles. I successfully bridge grafted one of them, the other ended up healing on its’ own. The grafted one ended up being pushed over by wind 5 or so years after grafting (the dead trunk had lost it’s “staking” ability”) Moral of story: don’t be bashful about securing your grafted trees with stakes!
00:41:19 Andrew Walsh: Any opinion on using Elmer’s glue for sealing cleft grafts?
00:41:53 Jonathan Hupp: I’m trying 65 latex paint 35% exterior wood glue. Recommended by a few people smarter than me
00:42:09 Eric Bina: Andrew isn’t elmers glue water soluble, so it would wash off in the rain?
00:42:15 Libby Levison: I used 8-10″ pieces of water spouts for the bridge graft
00:42:16 Gary Smith: I have a number of 3 inch diameter apple trees that I want to change the variety on this spring. Probably cut them off at 2-3 feet and top work 2-4 scions on each one and braid the ones that grow for strength. Any tips would be appreciated.
00:44:52 Jack: Titebond III seems to be the preferred exterior wood glue
00:51:58 Gop Varney: Does knife bevel matter when making the tongue? Like it does in Cleft graft.
00:53:36 Larry Stephenson: A bevel is nice, but just being SHARP makes up for a lot.
00:55:07 Jack: Beaver Graft. Check this out. https://www.goodfruit.com/not-your-usual-graft/. It retains the tree trunk that is mostly hinged over.
01:01:43 Eric Bina: Go to speaker view to see Dan in larger window
01:01:45 Karen Obermiller: Btw — my girdled trees are survivors of earlier girdling— they are sapling thickness 🙂
01:06:17 Jacob Rutz: What was the first graft called again?
01:06:25 BarbaraR: WoW! I am going to practice that rubber knotting technique. That solves my whole butterfingers issues.
01:08:08 Charlie Hanley: Replying to “What was the first…”
I believe Dan called that a side-approach whip and tongue.
01:08:30 Kathy Mendelson: Can you cleft graft two different varieties on the same stock?
01:10:37 Eric Bina: In my experience with two different varieties in a cleft graft, one always outgrows the other
01:10:56 Larry Stephenson: Yes
01:11:03 Jonathan Hupp: Dan – if both scions take will you cut one of them off/out?
01:12:07 Tim: Can the rubber bands be too tight?
01:13:50 Larry Stephenson: No, the rubber band can actually pull the union together tighter, that’s good. They’ll rot off within a few weeks.
01:14:12 Mike: The budding rubber can either be put on first or can put parafilm on first. Both ways work ok.
01:14:19 Andrea: Do most people buy rootstock, as Dan mentioned doing? I have some Antonovka seed and was thinking about growing some to keep as trees and others as rootstock. About how many years would it take them to get to rootstock size?
01:15:17 Eric Bina: I buy rootstock for apple because seedlings make much larger mature trees
01:15:21 Jack Kertesz: If you make a lot of grafts the rubber bands can really dry out your hands. Also some may not photo degrade and will leave you with squished unions.
01:15:46 jay: any recommended sources for paradigm and bands?
01:16:08 jay: *parafilm!
01:16:52 Andrew Walsh: How does one tell whether a chip bud has taken before the following season when it starts to grow? I’ve heard that the bud sticking on the rootstock isn’t always an indication that it actually took.
01:16:58 Larry Stephenson: You CAN grow your own rootstocks, it works fine. They don’t always get 1/4″ diameter in one year, though, sometimes it takes two years. It’s cheap and efficient to buy them in bundles.
01:18:30 Dawna Blair: whip and tongue
01:18:37 Chris Coen’s iPad: Can you chip bud persimmons?
01:18:54 Eric Bina: yes
01:19:14 Libby Levison: @Jay, where are you? I get parafilm and other supplies at Oesco in Conway MA
01:19:37 jay: in boone NC – was thinking I’d need to order
01:19:50 Dwyer Haney: If you’re having a tough time seeing some of these grafts because of the resolution, there are some great YouTube tutorials here https://www.youtube.com/@JSacadura
01:20:47 Mike: I’ve collected a bunch of You Tubes on different grafting techniques for a upcoming grafting workshop. They are at: https://thefruithouse.weebly.com/
01:21:22 Dave Strayer: I’m top-working a couple of European plums this spring. Any advice on the best time to try whip-and-tongue grafts? A little before bloom?
01:21:29 Matt.Stevens: how long does it take until you can tell if the bud graft has taken?
01:22:34 Matt.Stevens: (when you are doing summer bud grafting)
01:22:49 Andrew Walsh: Reacted to “how long does it tak…” with 👍
01:24:13 Gop Varney: Should I leave only one of the grafted chip buds once they have come next spring i.e. prune the beach? I did a few on the same branch in the field and all of them have sprouted. I am tempted to leave all of them on.
01:24:32 Dawna Blair: Is callus part of the chip budding process?
01:28:27 buzz: He is making a bark graft.
01:29:17 Eric Bina: I think normally a bark graft you peel back a flap of bark, instead of just his slit bark
01:29:33 Adam Bigham: Replying to “Should I leave onl…”
I’d leave them if they are growing. Usually pruning off above it is needed to force it to grow.
01:30:20 TIM LUSSIER : GO NAFEX!
New or Renew your Membership at www.NAFEX.org
01:32:26 Kris Klueg Heeter: Perhaps have one of the presenters talk about care needed with keeping tools clean when grafting to multiple cultivars in one sitting🙂
01:32:52 Leslie Wade, Host: Reacted to “Perhaps have one of …” with 👍🏼
01:33:03 Adam Bigham: The summer bud-graft that doesn’t take will look fairly gray-black by Spring, so in that case don’t prune above it. That’s a reason to wrap parafilm only one time over the bud, so you can see it (often one layer or more of parafilm will break open because of weathering).
01:34:53 Andrea Solstad: Hi all, gonna float this question out there- anyone have experience grafting to hawthorn (crataegus)?
01:35:19 JV: For newbies: it’s important to make the distinction between a “grating knife” which are right or left handed with a bevel only on one side. The first presenter appeared to be using a double beveled knife which makes a significant difference. Left-handed people are often not successful when using a right-handed grafting knife.
01:36:07 Adam Bigham: Reacted to “You CAN grow your …” with 👍
01:36:59 Adam Bigham: Replying to “any recommended so…”
Fedco Organic Growers Supply
01:37:39 jay: Reacted to “Fedco Organic Grower…” with 👍
01:38:01 JV: When making a map: make sure a copy stays with the property in case something happens and the house gets new owners. Many times the trees in an orchard that has been sold are not well-labeled (if at all). The trees orchard could have been a 200 year legacy of special cultivars. This also enables future fruit tree caretakers to tend to them well.
01:38:20 Charlotte Rosendahl: Anyone have issues with slugs eating the new growth?
01:41:08 April Gasbarre: great intro! thanks so much!
01:41:27 Adam Bigham: Replying to “Anyone have issues…”
I have not. Seen slugs on nursery pots, but not eating the fruit tree leaves that I can tell.
01:41:57 Jacob Rutz: On that note Leslie, does any sort of calendar exist for types of grafts and species of plants? Trying to get this all straight and getting a little lost
01:42:06 Eric Bina: I’ve had good success with water sprouts
01:42:10 Codys Phone X: Replying to “When making a map: m…”
Good point maybe leave on a utility room door
01:42:23 Charlotte Rosendahl: Replying to “Anyone have issues w…”
Pretty much lost all my grafts last year – it was crazy!!
01:42:27 buzz: I love water sprouts
01:43:39 Larisa: Thank you, NAFEX!
01:43:52 Douglas Cook: Any suggestions for grafting species that are prone to graft union flooding?
01:44:34 John S: crushed Egg shells around your plants will help with slugs.
01:44:40 richard uhlmann: you can permanently map/geotag your trees and orchards online using the RegisTREE app developed by the Historic Fruit Tree Working Group of North America. here’s a link: https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f2b89bb6ecfb4414af7bc99e4ba1e0d3
01:45:01 Larisa: Any suggestions for apple and stone fruit rootstocks for areas that flood periodically (western Oregon, northern California)
01:46:33 Gop Varney: For a knife which is beveled on one side, is the flat side towards scion or away?
01:46:48 Dwyer Haney: Buzz do you use a grafting knife to shave your beard?
01:47:01 Adam Bigham: Replying to “For a knife which …”
flat side on the scion
01:47:07 Larry Stephenson: Timing is important, but its a fairly LONG time…start when the leaf buds are pushing, and you can graft through midsummer.
01:47:43 Andrea Solstad: This is a cool project I’ve kept an eye on- https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2014/08/03/337164041/the-gift-of-graft-new-york-artists-tree-to-grow-40-kinds-of-fruit
01:47:48 EVE EMSHWILLER: Replying to “Timing is important,…”
do peaches need more warmth than apples?
01:48:02 Juan Carlos Arango: Any suggestions on how to graft a tree with multiple different scions?
01:48:06 Matt.Stevens: do you keep water in the bottom of your rootstock bucket while you are prepping to do bench grafting?
01:48:13 Dawna Blair: I live on west coast Wondering if blueberry can be grafted onto huckleberry
01:48:48 Mark Wolbers: Sour cherries on Prunus Maackii. Extremely hardy as a rootstock in Alaska.
01:49:00 Adam Bigham: Reacted to “Sour cherries on P…” with 👍
01:50:26 John Boer: Have you heard of Sam Van Aken’s Tree of 40 Fruit?
01:51:38 Gop Varney: Replying to “Should I leave only …”
All of them are growing strong and are angled upwards so that they will not cross each other when they are fully grown.
01:51:45 Kathy Mendelson: Can you topwork standard apple on crabapple?
01:52:11 Mark Wolbers: Yes, most seedling rootstock are crabapples.
01:52:20 mike: birch leaf pear seedlings for asian pears?
01:52:42 Norman F Deffner: I really like the G11 rootstock. To take care of insects and fertility the first year of the graft io put Bioadvanced 12 month tree and shrub material on or near the base of each tree.
01:53:17 Andrea Solstad: What to graft to hawthorn rootstock?
01:53:25 John Boer: In terms of vigor, on multi graft fruit trees, Santa Rosa plum will always dominate and need extra pruning to keep the tree balanced
01:54:13 JV: Karen Obermiller: Yes. Bridge grafting works to treat girdling. Think of it as bypass surgery.
01:54:53 Brian Madsen: Question about graft incompatibility – I bought a hybrid dogwood online. It did great for a few years then the top really slowed down. Minimal growth. I was pushing on the tree to dig it up and it just broke off cleanly at the graft. Is this a problem with some of the frankengrafts you mentioned?
01:55:09 Mike: Replying to “I’m top-working a …”
For E. Plums you want lots sap movement in the understock so you can go at least up to full bloom. Commerically, coverting trees can take place well into the growing season. Same for apples, pears, and other stone fruit.
01:55:16 Linwood Watson: He is off internet, but I predict Richard Fahey at Singing tree nursery will have good graft suggestions for hawthorn rootstock. Phone # anyone?
01:55:20 Bill Arendt: When ands How do you use Silver Sulfadiazine Cream 1% in grafting? I’m not sure how I picked this method up? Bill Arendt/Houston
01:55:34 BarbaraR: pawpaws are not the best with cleft grafting. Bark is better.
01:55:55 BarbaraR: Of course I field graft.
01:56:02 Norman F Deffner: Find the best time to graft apple or pear trees in central wi is when the rootsto0cks are budding out in the field
01:56:07 John Boer: Dave Wilson Nursery has good charts for ripening. Its in Central California, so the dates are relative to that area
01:56:24 JV: Paw Paws have a 60% success rate with cleft grafting, 90% with whip and tongue.
01:56:27 Kris Klueg Heeter: Linwood – Richard F is off grid. Snail mail is the way to reach him and we have his address in the POMONA
01:57:00 Linwood Watson: Ok, hope that helps Andrea with hawthorne question.
01:57:08 Dave Strayer: thanks, good program!
01:57:12 Olivia Mandilk: Thanks to everyone who shared their knowledge about grafting!
01:57:14 Brian Madsen: Thank you
01:57:15 JV: 55-60˚F ideal for stone fruit with high humiidity
01:57:20 Jeanne Calabrese: Thanks everyone
01:57:21 bonnieparadies: Thank you! Very helpful!
01:57:21 TIM LUSSIER : NAFEX.org join us
01:57:22 Karen Obermiller: Thank you!
01:57:24 John S: Thanks All this was great!!
01:57:28 EVE EMSHWILLER: Reacted to “Thanks All this was …” with ❤️
01:57:30 Larisa: thank you
01:57:30 Steven Biggs: thanks everyone!
01:57:34 Libby Levison: Really interesting, thanx so much
01:57:34 Linwood Watson: INspired newbie here!
01:57:35 Matt.Stevens: thank you!
01:57:35 BarbaraR: thanks
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